If enough space is available, the loop is usually laid flat or coiled in trenches about two metres deep. However, it space is scarce, boreholes need to be drilled to install a vertical loop to a depth of up to 100 metres.

• Increased energy efficiency compared to air-source heat pumps as temperatures in the ground are fairly constant throughout the year
• Requires little maintenance

• High initial investment cost
• The overall efficiency may decrease if the heat pump is also used to provide hot water
• Horizontal collectors may be less expensive than vertical collectors, but they require a lot of space and the ground cools down quicker as it is closer to the surface

Ground source heat pumps has been called the most energy-efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally clean space conditioning systems that are available on the market after the US Environmental Protection Agency

High initial investment cost