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Description	VAWTs have the main rotor shaft arranged vertically. One advantage of this arrangement is that the turbine does not need to be pointed into the wind to be effective, which is an advantage on a site where the wind direction is highly variable. It is also an advantage when the turbine is integrated into a building because it is inherently less steerable. Also, the generator and gearbox can be placed near the ground, using a direct drive from the rotor assembly to the ground-based gearbox, improving accessibility for maintenance. A vertical axis wind turbine can be designed as one of the following subtypes; Darrieus wind turbine Giromill wind turbine Savonius wind turbine Twisted Savonius wind turbine
Advantages	The generator and gearbox can be housed on the ground, and even some distance away from that turbine VAWT is omnidirectional and requires no yaw mechanism. Requires little maintenance
Disadvantages	VAWT is typically about 40% less efficient than the HAWT in energy production VAWTs have proven less reliable than HAWTs.
Characteristic features	Conversion of kinetic energy from the wind into electrical power
Application barriers	High initial investment cost
Information sources	http://www.oelmuehle-moeriken.ch/ http://www.windturbinestar.com/vertical-wind.html http://www.quietrevolution.com http://www.sawt.com.cn/
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Trade:	Building services

Parameter	Minimal Value	Maximal Value	Unit
Nominal Power	0.1	30	kW
Nominal Wind Speed	12	14	m/s
Start Wind Speed	2	4.5	m/s
Stop Wind Speed	14	32	m/s
Maximum Wind Speed Allowed	150	255	km/h
Rotor Weight	135	430	kg
Rotor Diameter	1.5	10.25	m
Rotor Surface	2.25	102.5	m2
Mast Height	1	12	m
Maximum Rotation Speed	100	400	rpm
Transmission	No gear box
Safety	Electrical brake + disc brake
Number of Blades	2	5
Material Blades	Aluminium, Carbon epoxy composite, Composite fibre glass
Voltage (AC)	24	240	V
Minimum Operating Temperature	-40	-20	°C
Maximum Operating Temperature	40	100	°C
Noise at 20 m Distance with 5 m/s			DB
Positioning	on the ground	on the roof
Operating Efficiency		40	%
Annual Degradation Rate in Efficiency			%
Annual Produced Energy			kWh
Investment Cost	2.320	7.539	€/kW
Operational Cost			€/year
Maintenance Cost	1	3	% of the turbine cost
Life Expectancy	15	20	years

Deterioration	Description
Causes
Parameter
Degradation Rate
Measurement

The Design4Energy project aims to address evolutionary life-cycle evolutionary design methodology able to create energy-efficient buildings flexibly connected with the neighbourhood energy system.

BL(Ti)=0.788